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After committing a crime, two possible outcomes will appear before the criminal; the success of committing the crime and ultimately not being caught or failure and being caught. Which of the outcomes is best for the criminal, and which is best for the common good? There is no answer to this question however, every person is different, and every mind is unlike any other mind in the world. In Fyodor Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment the main character, Raskolnikov, has to deal with this situation after committing the worst crime imaginable murder.
A desperate young Raskolnikov, poor and starving, plans the perfect crime. Raskolnikov murders an old and loathsome pawnbroker; a woman that no one cares for and that no one will mourn. Raskolnikov makes sure to plan this murder so that there will be no flaws, however as reality is, there will always be a catch. There is no perfect crime. Raskolnikov believed that by killing this woman the world would benefit from the outcome. Is it not right, Raskolnikov figures, for a man of learned intelligence to commit such an offense, to break the rules of moral law if it will benefit humanity? Many however, would follow Raskolnikov, such as two men that Raskolnikov overheard in a bar talking about the same pawnbroker- one man said, "You are talking and speechifying away, but tell me, would you kill the old woman yourself?" The other responded saying, "Of course not! I was only arguing the justice of it.... Its nothing to do with me…" In addition, the other man came back analyzing, " But I think, if you would not do it yourself, theres no justice about it" (Page 64). Raskolnikov heard this, and he had the same theory, he wanted to test it out, he wanted to be the one that would rid the world of the despicable old woman and benefit humanity. Raskolnikov performed the task, and afterwards, he faced his punishment.
After committing the "perfect" crime, Raskolnikov went into a deep lapse of illness and delirium. This was just the beginning of his journey of the ultimate punishment. During this period, many of his friends and family visited him feeling pity for the unknown murderer. One of them, who went by Razumihin, had formerly been in school with Raskolnikov at the time Raskolnikov had written an essay about the motives of crime. This essay dealt with how all the great leaders had to commit crimes, and if they could not commit the crime, they were not worthy of being a hero. For Raskolnikov all men are divided into two categories ordinary and extraordinary. The ordinary man is inferior, a must live in submission and has no right to transgress the law because he is ordinary. However the extraordinary man "has the right…that is not an official right, but an inner right to decide in his own conscience to overstep…certain obstacles, and only in case it is essential for the practical fulfillment of his idea (sometimes, perhaps, of benefit to the whole of humanity)" (Page 4). Raskolnikov's punishment began with the realization that he was not an extraordinary man because he felt pain and anguish, and especially, he felt fear. Raskolnikov had to suffer through a mental punishment. This mental punishment, for the few weeks he was free, was by far more extreme then the physical punishment he was forced to go through in the prisons of Siberia. Raskolnikov wants to be caught. He is torn between keeping his deeds inside, which are slowly eating away at his conscious and putting everything out in the open. His conscious mind wants to stay hidden as long as possible, while his subconscious leaves the clues mentioned above for the investigators. As the story progresses and this battle is waged in his mind, he finds himself in conflict with his theory. He slowly moves away from it, until his confession to Sonia, where he flat out declares that his theory was only an excuse "I did the murder for myself, for myself alone" (Page 87). This is where Raskolnikov ultimately realizes that he had done wrong and was suffering the penalties.
Laws and punishments, though limiting possible losses to society, block the path to the truth and consequently would impede the progress of society. Through error, Raskolnikov came to the truth behind his extraordinary man theory, even though it required transgressing law and murdering the pawnbroker. Even though the murder disproved Raskolnikov's theory, as Porfiry told Raskolnikov, "you made up a theory and then were ashamed that it broke down and turned out to be not at all original." (Page 44)., the knowledge that Raskolnikov's theory was incorrect will help society prevent similar misjudgments in the future. If Raskolnikov had succeeded, the murder may have been seen as justified. "It was only in that he recognized his criminality, only in the fact that he had been unsuccessful and had confessed it" (Page 4). It is absurd for a society to expect both perfection and progress. Luzhin and Razumihin would agree that mistakes should not be condemned by society. Luzhin saw errors as occurring from special circumstances, while Razumihin saw mistakes as the stepping-stone to the truth. Laws must be flexible, for no matter how just a law may be, there is always a time, a situation, in which the law is unfair or impractical. Raskolnikov's physical punishment did come however in the end when he was sentenced to prison in the Siberian prisons. This physical sentence wasn't nearly as harsh as his intense emotional failure of his murder. Although Raskolnikov did suffer through a physical punishment in prison, his time before prison while in a state of agonizing torment dealing with life and how to treat it was his real punishment in which he learned about life and love. He would leave the prison with a new life and a new understanding of the world around him. Because of his mental punishment and suffering, Raskolnikov learned the realities of life. This mental ideal is the punishment of the learned man, not the physical punishment. After Raskolnikov came to terms with his brutal murder, all he had to do was stumble across the physical barrier of prison and Raskolnikov was a new man ready to take on the world with new theories and beliefs.Write my Essay on The Punishment of Crime for me
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